| • | Demineralization: The standard SC450 has NaCl temperature compensation ** including the influence that dissociation of water molecules has on the Conductivity of the sample. The analyzer reads in Conductivity or in Resistivity units; readings in mS/m and mS/cm are possible and the output can represent traditional hyperbolic or logarithmic functions as well as bilinear. This is simply achieved by completing the 21 point output table. Demineralization also includes regeneration of the columns. SC450 is also equipped with temperature compensation methods to make this measurement accurate. Accurate measurement at high conductivities can be done with high cellconstants and/or with 4-electrode sensors. |
| • | Condensate monitoring: Condensate is ultra pure water alkalized with Ammonia or Morpholine. Accurate monitoring of condensate requires dedicated temperature compensation for these alkalizers. These curves are standard in the SC450. Condensate is also often sampled through a Cation column to remove the alkalizer and to amplify the signal that ingress of salts has on the Conductivity. Cation Conductivity analysis requires as well a dedicated Temperature Compensation and this is also available in all standard SC450 analyzers. |
| • | Water For Injection. This is an important application in the Pharmaceutical industry. Since USP23 it is possible to monitor the quality of this water on-line using Conductivity analysis. However the USP<645> describes precisely the maximum Conductivity per temperature range that is allowed. This table is present in the standard SC450 to guarantee full compliance to the USP requirements. |
| • | High Conductivities. Inductive Conductivity is the first method that comes to mind when high conductivity samples must be measured. Often overlooked is the 4-Electrode technique that allows high accuracy analysis of strong electrolytes with small and compact sensors. The SC450 offers especially for a 4-electrode measurement a unique measuring range of 1 S*C till 10000 mS*C in which C is the cellconstant. |