In sintering furnaces, periodic equipment maintenance has proven to be the most effective way to prevent air leaks. While cost reduction is a concern, energy loss from air leaks is also an issue. Air leak detection is performed so that equipment can be repaired in a timely manner or some other appropriate measure be taken.
To detect air leaks, an oxygen analyzer is used. The ZR22/ZR402 Direct In-Situ Zirconia Oxygen Analyzer has been well received due to its good response speed, stability, and maintainability. It has been confirmed that the ZR22/ZR402 can be used in DL type sintering furnaces under harsh conditions that include large quantities of dust, high humidity, and a pressure of approximately −5 kPa.

-	Saves energy and improves the efficiency of sintering furnaces, thereby maintaining high quality
-	Ensures stable air leak detection
-	Reduces operating costs

A sintering furnace mixes powdered ore with auxiliary materials such as powdered coke and sinters them to make lump ore, which is used as a raw material in blast furnaces. Since modern blast furnaces are large and require sophisticated and efficient operation, stringent control of the quality (lump size) of the sintered ore is essential. Air leakage detection is of paramount importance not only because it saves energy but also because it ensures the proper operation that produces high quality sintered ore through proper operation.

Field Data
Process conditions
Measurement point:	Wind box
Temperature:	200°C or less
Pressure:	−5 to 0 kPa
Composition:	CO2: approx. 10%; CO: approx. 2%; O2: 8 to 16%; N2: approx. 76%, SO2: approx. 600 ppm
Humidity:	4 to 17% (with water droplets)
Dust:	1 to 5 g/Nm3 (sintered powder/lumps: approx. 30 mm in diameter)
Flow rate:	Approx. 2 to 5 m/s

Measurement system
Measurement point:
	wind box
Detector:
	ZR22G-100-C-K-P-☐-☐-E-A/C/CV
Probe protector:
	ZO21R-L-100-J*B
Converter:
	ZR402G-☐-J-E-A/☐
Automatic calibration unit:
	ZR40H-☐-☐-A
Zero gas cylinder/pressure regulator for gas cylinder:
Pressure regulator for gas cylinder:
	P/N G7013XF (inlet W22, outlet Rc1/4) or P/N G7014XF (inlet W22, outlet 1/4NPT)
Case assembly for calibration gas cylinder:
	P/N E7044KF

Note: the calibration gas cylinder must be purchased locally.

Utilities
Power supply:		rated voltage: 100 to 240 V AC
		operating voltage range: 85 to 264 V AC
		rated frequency: 50/60 Hz
		operating frequency range: 45 to 66 Hz
Power consumption:		approx. 100 VA (300 VA max.)
Instrument air (reference gas):		pressure: 300 to 700 kPa consumption: approx. 1 l/min
Notes
-	Since the sample gas contains large quantities of sintered powder, a probe protector should be used to protect the detector.
-	If the sample gas contains CO, compensation may be required. Contact Yokogawa.
-	The detector should be installed so that the probe head does not point upstream into the gas flow. It is best to mount the detector vertically with the probe tip pointing downward. If necessary, it can be installed at any angle between 0°C and 90°C with respect to the vertical.

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Iron and Steel