Outline of the projectCSP systems use the radiant heat from the sun to heat a thermal oil (heat transfer fluid) and produce steam, which is the source of energy that drives the steam turbine. The issue with this type of project is how to produce 100 MW of power based on steam production in areas where water is scarce. Thus, the challenges for a CSP plant are water and solar radiation.9 Location: Northern Cape Province, South Africa Plant type: Concentrated solar power (CSP) Capacity: Completion: 2017Xina Solar One is a state-of-the-art project using parabolic troughs and a five-hour thermal energy storage system using molten salt. The parabolic trough technology employs parabolic-shaped mirrors mounted on a structure that tracks the movement of the sun and concentrates the solar radiation onto a receiving tube. A heat absorbing fluid flows inside the tube, reaching a high temperature. The fluid transfers the thermal energy to a heat exchanger, which is used to heat water and convert it to steam, which then drives a turbine to generate electricity.For the BOP, power generation is completed with a steam rankine power cycle comprising a steam turbine and dry cooling system. Thanks to its molten salt thermal energy storage system, Xina Solar One can reproduce its throughput for 5.5 hours or more.Xina Solar One RF (Pty) Ltd. is owned by Engie SA, France (40%), the Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Ltd. (20%), South African state-owned Public Investment Corporation (20%), and Xina Community Trust funded by the Industrial Development Corporation (20%). The plant is operated and maintained by another special-purpose vehicle held by Abengoa and Engie.100 MW | 5.5 hours of storageA meticulous study of radiation was performed during the Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) phase of the project, and the complete operation of the plant was modeled for some years into the future. With this model, the selected design defines how the plant will be structured and how it will need to be operated. The patterns of radiation, historical data and other environmental data are considered during the design and implemented in the project.During operation, the latest weather forecasting and advanced weather stations installed in the plant for controlling the solar field are key factors for sustaining the high performance of the plant. The other critical resource for CSP plants is water. The current design of CSP plants has a very accurate water balance, because there are usually only limited water sources near the plants. After the specified treatment and demineralization, the water is fed to the steam-water system of the plant. The challenge is not only sourcing and treatment but also consumption.A proper water balance of the plant is critical for cost-effective operation. Not only the correct treatment of raw water and controlled effluent, but also efforts to optimize and reduce the quantities of both have reduced the CO2 footprint.Plant InformationExecutive Summary The projectThe Xina Solar One project is the third project executed in South Africa by Abengoa, S.A., a world leader in CSP technology. This solar power plant generates clean energy for 95,000 homes while aiming to reduce its carbon dioxide footprint by 348,000 tons per year.The Challenges and the SolutionsHigh reliability and availability of control are two main objectives that the control of a power plant must satisfy. High availability was a critical requirement for proper control and supervision of the plant when designing the control system. Yokogawa selected the CENTUM VP distributed control system (DCS) as the core of the entire control system, and priority was given to assured flow of data to and from other devices and systems in all layers of the plant. Thanks to high integration with other subsystem and supervisory layers, the CENTUM VP realized structured connections and flow of data between all the control layers of the plant.Xina Solar OneCENTUM VP Controls BOP of 100-MW CSP Plant in South Africa
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