All-in-One pH/ORP (REDOX) Sensor FU20 and FU24

Yokogawa & Nouryon Co-Innovation Leads to New pH-Analyzer
 
 

Where and why are the pH Measurements important in a brewery? No one wants a skunky beer. pH measurements in the wort, during mashing/souring the malt, and in the yeast enzymes are critical.
 

There are many points in the processing of edible fats and oils that benefit from the use of analytical measurements. Inductive conductivity, contacting conductivity, gas density, and pH can be utilized to increase the quality of the end product, as well as protecting expensive processes.

Dairy wastewater is a mixture of organic compounds, suspended solids, fats, and bacteria that can produce a film or coating on equipment in the process. 

For control of batch neutralization, a pH measurement coupled with a timer-controlled chemical feed scheme provides very satisfactory results.

This system can be adapted for either acid waste or alkaline waste neutralization.

Having too much oxygen in the process is not a problem for the biological system; however the cost for generating the oxygen is one of the largest expenses. By obtaining a good representative average of the dissolved oxygen present in the basin could save the plant large amounts of money. For this reason multiple measurements points are sometimes put into place.

After extraction from sugar cane or sugar beets, the juice must be purified to remove the many other organics and minerals that accompany it. The processing to accomplish this is heavily dependent on reliable pH measurement and control as illustrated. 

Process liquid analyzers such as pH meters, conductivity meters, ORP meters, and density meters play an important role at electrolysis plants in the control of concentrations of various process solutions. This requires both precision and stability under harsh conditions that include highly corrosive substances, high temperatures, and many impurities.

Most zinc are produced at hydrometallurgically, where a high-grade zinc product can be obtained and valuable metals mixed in the raw material can be recovered. In the hydrometallurgy, the raw material of zinc concentrate is roasted and then dissolved in sulfuric acid to remove impurities. The process called leaching and pH control of the leachate is important.

Industry:Chemical, Power

Cyanide-bearing wastewater from mining and electroplating facilities and certain types of chemical plants is toxic and must be treated by oxidation with chlorine or chloride to bring the cyanide concentration within regulatory limits.

Industry:Electrical and Electronics

Wastewater from electroplating facilities and certain types of chemical plants contains toxic forms of hexavalent chromium such as chromate and dichromate. The hexavalent chromium in this wastewater must be reduced before the water can be discharged. This requires a two-step process: hexavalent chromium (CR₆) is reduced to trivalent chromium (CR₃); and CR₃ is precipitated as chromium hydroxide.

Industry:Electrical and Electronics

Removal of free oil and grease from a wastewater stream reduces the potential for equipment problems downstream. Three forms of oil are encountered in wastewater treatment at a refinery: Free Oil, Emulsified Oil, Dissolved Oil.

Power plant boiler houses designed to burn coal or high sulfur oil are required by Federal and State pollution regulations to "scrub" (remove) sulfur dioxide from flue gasses to meet emission limits. SO₂ in flue gasses is known to be harmful to the environment, as it is one contributor to the formation of acid rain. pH control is critical for the proper functioning of the scrubber system.

The treatment of wastewater from pulp and paper plants is a serious environmental concern. Yokogawa's submersion holder with an ultrasonic+air-jet cleaner (customized product) can reduce the manual cleaning frequency to just once every one or two months.

Fish are totally dependent upon water to breathe, feed, grow, maintain a salt balance, and reproduce. Water quality determines the success or failure of an aquaculture operation.

Many Ethanol plants running today are using a combination style pH electrode with a non-flowing reference to measure pH in the Mash Slurry transfer line from the Mash slurry mix tank to cook. The Mash is being pumped out of the Mash Slurry tank is at approximately 180 °F and 40 to 60 psig.

Optimizing four key factors will decrease pH sensor costs and optimize process control and overall plant efficiency.

Current trend for increasing mercury awareness throughout the public sector has caused the government to take action. Recently, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has focused their efforts on controlling mercury levels produced in various coal fired power plants. Based on information from several case studies, the EPA developed the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards to cut back mercury emissions. The most popular technology utilized by coal plants to meet the new standards is a scrubber which cleans the off gas from the combustion process. ORP sensors can further monitor the effluent from these scrubbers to ensure optimal mercury emission levels are achieved. By closely monitoring the mercury concentrations in the effluent, plant managers will be able to easily confirm their plants are meeting the EPA's standards.

Keeping water quality at optimal levels is essential to promoting process efficiency and user satisfaction while avoiding premature corrosion and equipment failures.

Select the correct pH glass and reference type to improve your pH sensor lifetime and you can limit or even eliminate the effects of temperature and pressure on especially the reference sensor.

Learning these four lessons will help you improve your engineering skills and most importantly extend the life of your pH sensors.

Optimizing the maintenance cycle is not always straightforward. In some cases, cleaning once a week is sufficient and other processes may require every 8 hours.

Kind of. Calibration itself will not extend the life of a sensor, however, a sensor that is not calibrated properly can cause unreliable measurements - that are often misdiagnosed leading to unnecessary replacements.

The lifetime of a pH sensor has a significant impact on the overall annual costs of a pH measuring loop. Optimizing four key factors will decrease these costs and optimize process control and overall plant efficiency.

The FU24 is an all-on-one pH and ORP sensor made with a chemical resistant PPS 40GF body for harsh pH applications. It is particularly useful in applications with fluctuating pressure and/or temperature. These processes shorten sensor life because the process fluids move in and out of the sensor under influence of frequent pressure and/or temperature fluctuations. This results in fast desalting and dilution of the reference electrolyte which in turn changes the reference voltage causing a drifting pH measurement.

Are Pure water, Ultrapure water, UPW, or Water for Injection (WFI) important in your process? Would a better understanding of current water treatment equipment technology be useful? Would learning to better identify sources for potential process problem be helpful?

Pure water, Ultrapure water, UPW, Water for Injection (WFI), high-purity water and deionized (DI) are all terms describing basically the same property. They refer to water which has been purified to the highest standards by removing all contaminants such as, organic and inorganic compounds; dissolved and particulate matter; volatile and non-volatile, reactive and inert; hydrophilic and hydrophobic; and dissolved gases. Pure water or conditioned water is used in a variety of processes across various industries; Power Generation, Pharma/Biotech, Semiconductor, and Drinking water are just a few examples. Please join us for a free 45 min webinar with 15 min Q&A section. As our presenter David H. Paul, Inc (DHP), gives an overview of high purity water treatment. What you will learn:

• Understanding the purpose for each piece of equipment in a high purity treatment process flow
• Basic overview of Reverse Osmosis Processes
• Better understanding of when to "raise an alarm" when performance issues arise

Information about the presenter: Since 1988, David H. Paul, Inc (DHP) has been the world's leader in reverse osmosis and high purity water treatment training. DHP has trained over 18,000 water treatment professionals worldwide. For information on additional High Purity Water Treatment and Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment training please click on the link to DHP's website: www.dhptraining.com

Proper pretreatment is critical for minimizing problems and reducing the need for chemical cleaning. This webinar will teach you the most common pretreatment technologies and why it is important to monitor and maintain them. Join us to learn:

• Why pretreatment is important
• How pretreatment protects your RO units from scaling, fouling and chemical attacks
• What to monitor and why

Basic pH/ORP Theory and gain an understanding of:

• How pH and ORP measurement works
• The differences in measuring electrodes and reference electrodes
• The difference between ORP and pH compensated ORP

How to choose the right reference and measuring electrode for your application, which includes:

• The differences and benefits between all-in-one vs. individual electrodes
• The benefits of SMART sensors
• The difference between traditional and differential pH maintenance
• Best practices for cleaning and calibrating
• The benefits of sensor diagnostics and how to interpret the information

Each of the previous webinars covered the basics and the monitoring requirements for a high purity water treatment system that included a Reverse Osmosis (RO) treatment step. In this final webinar, we cover the problems that poor RO unit performance can produce in downstream process steps and in the end use water. The webinar series started with topics concerning raw water contaminants and will end with following contaminants through the RO membrane and into downstream treatment steps including Electrodeionization (EDI), mixed-bed ion exchange, 185 nm and 254 nm UV, ozone and more. Join us and learn:

• What and why certain measurement parameters should be monitored
• When to "raise the alarm" when issues arise

A common use for RO is for purifying water, removing salts and other impurities to improve the color, taste and other properties. It is regularly used for commercial and residential water filtration and is also one of the methods used for desalinization of seawater. RO systems are capable of rejecting bacteria, salts, sugars, proteins, particles, dyes, and other constituents which have a molecular weight of greater than 150-250 Daltons. RO systems are designed for automatic operation and require routine preventative and corrective maintenance. Common problems include membrane fouling and the use of improper flow rates. The result is reduced throughput capacity and shortened runs. What you will learn:

• Overview of Reverse Osmosis Processes
• Understanding of RO technology
• Understanding the importance of RO operation and maintenance