Spinning Disk Confocal CSU

What is Dual Spinning Disk Confocal Technology?

As the pioneer in dual-spinning disk confocal technology, we have revolutionized live-cell imaging in optical microscopy. The multi-beam scanning method offers not only high-speed imaging but also significantly reduced phototoxicity and photo bleaching, making our confocal scanner units the de facto standard tool for live-cell imaging.

Super Resolution

Optimize results with the CSU-W1 SoRa Confocal Scanner.
Wide Field of View

Improve efficiency with the CSU-W1 Confocal Scanner.
High Speed

Get next level turnarounds with the CSU-X1 Confocal Scanner.
Uniformizer

A flat-top beam shaper option for CSU-W1.

High-Speed, High Resolution Imaging

Yokogawa’s confocal scanners utilize advanced imaging technologies to enable researchers to achieve high-speed and high-resolution live cell imaging.

Fast time-lapse confocal images of living cells
Minimal phototoxicity and less photobleaching
Live-cell confocal fluorescence imaging capabilities
Stability during long-term and high-speed imaging
Facilitates quantitative analysis of huge amounts of data

Comparison of CSU Series

Model		CSU-W1	CSU-X1
Model		CSU-W1	High-end	Basic
Imaging Speed (Max. fps)		200	2,000	360
Scanner Motor Rotation Speed (rpm)		1,500-4,000	1,500-10,000 (Variable)	1,800 (Fixed)^*2
Recommended camera exposure time		5msec	0.5msec	33msec
Effective FOV		17x16mm	10x7mm
Disk unit		Selectable up to 2 disks Pinhole size : 50µm, 25µm	1 disk Pinhole size : 50µm
Rotation position trigger signal		External signal output possible		None^*2
Filters	EX	Option
	DM	Option (up to 3 filters)		Option (1 filter)
	EM	Option (up to 10 filters with filter wheel)	Option (up to 12 filters with filter wheel)	Option (1 filter)
Addition or exchange of filters		At user site : DM block and filters (EX, EM.) At Yokogawa factory : DM
*1 option

Comparison between CSU and other confocal systems

Model	CSU	Conventional Point-scan Confocal	Conventional Slit-scan Confocal	Other spinning disk Confocal	Epi-fluorescence (Wide field)
Scan Type	Microlens-enhanced multi beam scan	Single beam scan	Line Scan	Disk scan (Multi beam or slit)	None
Light Source	Lasers			Hg or Xenon arc lamp
Detector	CCD, EMCCD	PMT	Line CCD	CCD, EMCCD
Microscope	Flexible	Specific		Flexible / Specific	Flexible
Scan speed of full-size image	2000fps	~1fps	~120fps (512X512)	<200fps	Any
Photo bleaching/ photo toxicity	Low	Severe		Low
Confocality	High (X-Y-Z confocal)		Modest (Compromise y-resolution)	Modest (X-Y-Z confocal with pinhole, Compromise y-resolution with slit-scan)	None
Image Quality (Background)	High Good S/N (Low background)	High (multiple averaging necessary)	Modest	Modest (High background with dim samples)	Low (High background)

User labs

Ted Salmon Lab., Dept. of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Waterman-Storer Lab., Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Morphodynamics (LCTM),NHLBI (Bethesda Campus)
Tim Mitchison Lab., Dept. of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School
Scholey Lab., Dept. of Cell and Computational Biology, University of California, Davis
The Vale Lab., Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco
The Wadsworth Lab., Biology Dept., University of Massachusetts, Amherst
The Kiehart Lab., Dept. of Biology, Duke University
HSC Core Facilities School of Medicine, University of Utah
Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Indiana University Medical Center
Ehlers Laboratory - Department of Neurobiology, Duke University
Bob Goldstein Lab., University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Andrew Matus Lab., at Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research
Laboratory of Developmental Dynamics,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University
Zena Werb Lab., Anatomy, University of California San Francisco
Satoshi Nishimura Lab., Dept. of Cardiovascular Medicine, the University of Tokyo
Oshima Lab., Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies，The Univ. of Tokyo
The Huser research group at UC Davis
Nakano Lab., Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo

Sites and Textbooks

1) Microscopy & Imaging Resources on the WWW

Complete list of all aspects of microscopy and imaging, by Douglas W. Cromey From Cellular Imaging Core of Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona

2) The Centro de Biologia Molecular “Severo Ochoa” (CBMSO)

Contains links to general information, microscopy laboratories, publications, courses and meetings, societies, images. Especially useful for finding microscopy workshops.

3) The Cell Imaging Facility, a part of the University of Utah Health Science Center's Core Research Facilities Department

Good explanation of CSU-Disk scanning confocal system by Chris Rodesch

4) Molecular Expressions Website

Run by National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University.
One of Web's largest collections of excellent optical microscopy images, and quite thorough information on all types of microscopy.
Interactive Java Tutorials sponsored by Nikon (Nikon MicroscopyU) and Olympus(Olympus Microscopy Resource Center) are extremely useful to learn not only confocal but all kinds of microscopies, and related technologies.

Life Science Textbooks

Microscopy Techniques, Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology Vol.95 Serial Editor T. Scheper, Volume Editor J. Rietdorf, Springer(2005) ISBN-10 3-540-23698-8
Confocal Microscopy for Biologists Edited by Alan R.Hibbs,Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers(2004) ISBN:0-306-48468-4(hardback) 0-306-48565-6(e-Book)
Live Cell Imaging, A Laboratory Manual Edited by Robert D. Goldman & David L. Spector. 2nd Edition,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (2010) ISBN:0-87969-893-4(pbk), ISBN 0-87969-892-6(hardcover)
Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, 3rd Edition Edited by James B. Pawley, Springer(2006)
VideoMicroscopy, The Fundamentals Shinya Inoue, Kenneth Spring, Second Edition Plenum Press. New York,(1997) ISBN: 0-306-45531-5
Direct-View High-Speed Confocal Scanner: The CSU-10, Chapter 2: Cell Biological Applications of Confocal Microscopy (Methods in Cell Biology) Shinya Inoue and Ted Inoue Edited by Brian Matsumoto Academic Press ISBN:0-12-580445-8 ; 2nd Rev (2002/12)