pH in Water tank of the Waste water and Gas cleaning plant

Introduction

Integrated steel plants usually consist of five main units, Viz; Coal washery, Coke oven blast furnace, steel melting shop and rolling mills. In addition to the above the plants may have auxiliary units like oxygen plant and power plant for their own uses.

Application Information

Coal Washer and its Wastewater

The coal needs some processing to make it suitable for use in coke ovens. The main objective of such treatment is the removal of solid foreign matter present in the coal. Generally the process in a coal washer includes crushing, screening and wet washing of coal.  In the wet process the coal is separated from the impurities using the principal of differential settling.  Water used for washing is recycled and reused after sedimentation. But in spite of all care taken to ensure maximum reuse, appreciable quantity of wash water containing coal fines, and other impurities like clay and small amounts of other minerals like calcite, gypsum, pyrite etc, comes out as waste, normally in a thickened form as the under- flow of the sedimentation tank.

Blast Furnace and its Wastewater

Blast furnace is a basic unit in an integrated steel plant. Essentially the blast furnace process consists of charging iron ore and coke as fuel limestone and dolomite as fluxing material into the top of the furnace and blowing heated air (blast) into the bottom. Pig iron is the metallic product of this unit. Appreciable quantity of water is used in blast furnace for the purpose of cooling and gas cleaning operations. However, the cooling water normally remains un-contaminated and is reused after cooling.

The entire quantum of wastewater originates from the gas cleaning operations. The blast furnace gas, which is heavily loaded with flue dust, is cleaned in a three stage process.

The major portion of the flue dust which comes out along with blast furnace gas is recovered by the dry dust catchers. The remaining is removed by washing with water by “Wet Scrubbing”. The portion which escapes wet scrubber may be removed by electrostatic precipitator. In wet scrubber the down flow water sprays clean the dust from the up flowing gases and the wastewater contains 1000-10000 mg/l of suspended solids.

Characteristics of Typical Blast Furnace Waste

Parameter Value
Total Dissolved Solids 346 - 500 mg/l
Total Suspended Solids 1000 - 10500 mg/l
Dissolved Solids 80 - 118 mg/l as CaCO3
Total Hardness 230 mg/l as CaCO3
Total Alkalinty 380 mg/l as CaCO3
Chlorides 210 - 250 mg/l
pH 7.3 - 8.2

Treatment of Blast Furnace Waste

The blast furnace waste contains about 40% of the total dust coming out of the blast furnace along with the flue gas. Iron oxide and silica comprise about 70% and 12% respectively of the flue dust content. The waste can be treated in a clariflocculator even without the addition of coagulant. However the flocculation time can be reduced to a great extent when certain coagulants like alum or lime is added. The efficiency of the clariflocculator can be increased alternatively by a judicious mixing of this waste with the other wastes of the steel plant. The oxygen plant waste containing sodium hydroxide, may be used for this purpose.

Typical Process Details

Process: sticky nature of the slurry.

Slurry quality - Solid blast furnace GCP (Gas Cleaning Plant) containing fine particles of iron oxide, dust, coal dust.

  • Solid density: 1600 kg/m3,
  • Slurry temperature: 65°(Maximum)
  • Density of slurry water: 1-1.2 ton/m3
  • Total suspended solids: 50 – 250 gram/liter

Tentative range of particle size distribution as below:

Particle size (in micron) % by weight
0 - 5 13 - 33
5 - 10 13 - 17
10 - 20 15 - 18
20 - 40 17 - 21
40 - 60 10 - 40
60 - 100 6 - 15
> 100 4 - 10

The slurry has high deposition rate while it is not flowing.

Location Inlet to pH correction tank
Fluid GCP Slurry, BF application
Flow in m3 hour 1150
Velocity in m/sec 1.5
Temperature 60 to 70 degC
Inlet pressure in Bar (g) open to atmosphere
pH value 3.0 to 9.0
Specific gravity of sludge 1-1.5
Bulk density of solid (kg/m3)  
Suspended solid material Sinter, ore, flux, coke, coal at difference
Fluid density in kg/m3 990-1078
TSS (ppm) 500 - 30000
Nature Fluid is very sticky in nature

Typical problems

  • Coating on the sensor.
  • Frequent cleaning

Remedies

  • Coating can be cleaned off by diluted acid
  • Use appropriate sensor with suitable fitting.

Tangible benefit

More reliable and accurate analysis of pH which helps to improve end product quality.

Product Recommendations

Measurement System

Process Liquid Analyzer: 

  • 2-Wire Analyzer FLXA202

2-wire FLEXA pH/ORP Analyzer

Features

  • Dual sensor measurement on 2-wire type analyzer
  • Indication of sensor wellness
  • 4-Wire Converter FLXA402

4-wire FLEXA402 pH/ORP Analyzer

Features

  • Connectable to up to five sensor
  • Easily viewable color LCD
  • Touch screen operation

 

Sensor Selection:

FU20 all-in-one pH sensor with dome shaped membrane.

FU20, all-in-one pH sensor

Features

  • With the body made of Ryton, a strong engineering plastic, which is comparable to Teflon in terms of corrosion resistance and heat resistance, it allows for a wide range of applications.
  • The integrated-sensor design simplifies calibration with standard solutions and maintenance.
  • Alternatively, SENCOM sensor can be used.  (FU20+SA11)

Note: For additional information on this application contact the local Yokogawa Process Liquid Analyzer Department

업종

  • 공업용수

    공업용수는 발전소, 정유소 및 석유 화학 플랜트와 같은 모든 산업 플랜트에 사용됩니다. Yokogawa의 단일 제어 플랫폼은 주요 공정과 통합된 모든 용수 및 폐수 처리 공정을 처리할 수 있습니다.

    See More
  • 광업 및 금속

    채광 작업을 통해 지구로부터 귀중한 광물 또는 지질 물질(geological materials)을 얻을 수 있습니다. 경쟁적인 회수를 위해 적은 운영비 및 엄격한 안전 및 환경 규제로 높은 처리량과 높은 프로세스 가용성이 요구되고 있습니다.

    See More

Related Products & Solutions

  • 2-Wire Transmitter/Analyzer FLXA202

    The FLEXA™ series analyzers are used for continuous on-line measurements in industrial installations. With an option for single or dual sensor measurement, they are the most flexible two-wire analyzer available.

    See More
  • Digital SMART SENCOM™ Adapter, SA11

    Reusable SMART adapter, requiring only the analog sensor to be disposed of when it reaches the end of its lifetime. With the SENCOM 4.0 platform, Yokogawa delivers reduced costs and waste while contributing to its long-term business goals of a sustainable future for all.

    See More
  • pH and ORP Analyzers

    pH와 ORP 미터, 분석계 및 전송기는 수질/제품 품질을 보장하고 유출물 배출량, 배치 중화, 펄프 스톡, 세정기, 냉각 타워, 화학, 폐수 처리 및 기타 여러 어플리케이션의 연속 공정 모니터링에 사용합니다.

    See More
  • SENCOM™ SMART Digital Sensors

    디지털 또는 SMART 센서는 센서의 통합 부분 인 통합 칩에 특정 측정 및 교정 데이터를 유지합니다. 이 데이터는 SPS24와 같은 데이터 관리 소프트웨어를 사용하여 센서와 프로세스 트랜스미터 또는 실험실 PC간에 교환 할 수 있습니다.

    See More

Top